Adipose tissue dysfunction under inflammatory conditions and possibilities for its correction using cell therapy

Home/2025, Vol. 13, No. 2/Adipose tissue dysfunction under inflammatory conditions and possibilities for its correction using cell therapy

Cell and Organ Transplantology. 2025; 13(2):e2025132184.
DOI: 10.22494/cot.v13-2.184

Adipose tissue dysfunction under inflammatory conditions and possibilities for its correction using cell therapy

Ivanishchev V.1, Ustymenko A.1,2

  • 1D. F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
  • 2M. D. Strazhesko National Scientific Center of Cardiology, Clinical and Regenerative Medicine, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

Abstract

Adipose tissue dysfunction under inflammatory conditions is a key pathogenetic factor in the development of metabolic and systemic disorders, including systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and chronic inflammatory processes. This review summarizes current clinical and experimental evidence on the functional, morphological, and molecular alterations in adipose tissue under acute and chronic inflammation.
The data indicate that inflammatory conditions disrupt the secretory activity of adipocytes and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), leading to increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and other mediators. The resulting pro-inflammatory microenvironment adversely affects MSCs, reducing their proliferative and differentiation capacity, impairing regenerative potential, and causing telomere shortening associated with cellular aging. The role of immune cells, particularly macrophages, in sustaining chronic inflammation and promoting adipose tissue dysfunction is also highlighted.
Special attention is given to current strategies for mitigating inflammation-induced adipose tissue alterations using cell-based therapy. MSCs, due to their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative properties, represent a promising approach for restoring adipose tissue homeostasis and alleviating systemic inflammation.
Conclusion. Acute and chronic inflammation induces profound changes in adipocyte and MSC function, impairing the regulatory and reparative capacity of adipose tissue. MSC-based therapy holds potential for correcting adipose tissue dysfunction under inflammatory conditions, but further studies are needed to elucidate mechanisms of action, optimize treatment protocols, and evaluate long-term safety and efficacy.

Key words: systemic inflammatory response syndrome; chronic inflammation; adipose tissue; adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells; immunomodulation; cell therapy


 

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Ivanishchev V, Ustymenko A. Adipose tissue dysfunction under inflammatory conditions and possibilities for its correction using cell therapy. Cell Organ Transpl. 2025; 13(2):e2025132184. doi: 10.22494/cot.v13-2.184 

 

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