Prospects for cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay in the comprehensive evaluation of cellular senescence markers

Ustymenko A.; Kyryk V.; Tsupykov O.; Parkhomenko O.

doi:10.22494/cot.v12i2.172

Cell and Organ Transplantology. 2024; 12(2):126-135 (e2024122172).
DOI: 10.22494/cot.v12i2.172

Prospects for cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay in the comprehensive evaluation of cellular senescence markers

Ustymenko A.^1,2, Kyryk V.^1,2, Tsupykov O.^1,3, Parkhomenko O.¹

¹Institute of Genetic and Regenerative Medicine, M. D. Strazhesko National Scientific Center of Cardiology, Clinical and Regenerative Medicine, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
²D. F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
³Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

Abstract

In modern pathophysiology and clinical medicine, the search for novel and more reliable cellular and molecular biomarkers remains a critical challenge. Such biomarkers are essential for assessing premature aging processes and predicting the risk or severity of various diseases. DNA damage, particularly in the form of micronuclei, represents a key factor in initiating aging, as it reflects genomic instability. The loss of genomic stability caused by physical, chemical, and biological genotoxic factors can contribute not only to premature aging but also to chronic inflammation and the development of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and other pathologies. Moreover, investigating genomic instability in stem cells is pivotal for advancing cellular therapies aimed at mitigating aging and treating associated diseases.
The cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay is proposed as a tool to investigate molecular mechanisms linking DNA damage to cellular senescence and aging processes at the organismal level. This method provides a range of quantitative indicators for the comprehensive assessment of cellular senescence, which can serve as potential biomarkers for evaluating disease risk and monitoring progression, including as a marker of elevated cardiovascular risk in patients with a history of acute cardiac events.

Key words: cellular senescence; DNA damage; micronucleus cytome assay; micronuclei; nucleoplasmic bridges; nuclear buds

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How to cite

Ustymenko A, Kyryk V, Tsupykov O, Parkhomenko O. Prospects for cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay in the comprehensive evaluation of cellular senescence markers. Cell Organ Transpl. 2024; 12(2):126-135 (e2024122172). doi: https://doi.org/10.22494/cot.v12i2.172

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