Cell and Organ Transplantology. 2013; 1(1):81-86.
DOI: 10.22494/COT.V1I1.48
Effects of tissue neurotransplantation on sceletal muscle tone restoration after experimental mechanical injury of the cerebellum
Tsymbalyuk V.I.1, Medvediev V.V.2, Senchyk Yu.Yu.3
1A. P. Romodanov State Institute of Neurosurgery NAMS Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
2O. O. Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
3Kyiv City Emergency Hospital, Kyiv, Ukraine
Abstract
This work aimed to conduct a comparative study of the restorative effects of transplantation of fetal neural tissue (FNT), olfactory bulb tissue (OBT) and fetal kidney (FK) on the dynamics of muscle hypotonia after cerebellar hemisphere injury in the adult rats. Beam walking test (BWT) allowed detect at least three degrees of hypotonia which correspond to 2, 3, and 4 points. The authors selected animals with function index (FI) by BWT scale strictly lesser than 4 points on the 3rd day after injury. Moderate hypotonia was associated with FI 3 points, severe – 2 points, and mild-4 points. Major differences in the dynamics of the restorative process across study groups were detected at the first month of study: slow recovery of statics and coordination (control); fast recovery (during first 9 days, FK, OBT and FNT groups) that underwent changes by its slow increase during 9th–33rd day. Mild hypotonia in the control group showed itself by the end of the 1st month and on the 9th day in the FK, OBT and FNT groups. Normotony was observed on the 21st (group FNT) and 30th day (groups FK and OBT). These data suggest that neurotransplantation has a significant effect on muscle tone improvement after cerebellar injury, depending on the type of graft.
1. Maynard F, Karunas R, Waring P. Epidemiology of spasticity following traumatic spinal cord injury. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 1990; 71:566–9. PMid:2369291 |
||||
2. Sommerfeld D, Eek E, Svensson A, et al. Spasticity after stroke: its occurrence and association with motor impairments and activity limitations. Stroke. 2004; 35:134–9. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000105386.05173.5E PMid:14684785 |
||||
3. Rizzo M, Hadjimichael O, Preiningerova J, Vollmer T. Prevalence and treatment of spasticity reported by multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler. 2004; 10:589–95. https://doi.org/10.1191/1352458504ms1085oa PMid:15471378 |
||||
4. Nielsen J, Crone C, Hultborn H. The spinal pathophysiology of spasticity – from a basic science point of view. Acta Physiologica. 2007; 189(2):171–80. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.2006.01652.x PMid:17250567 |
||||
5. Медведев В. В. Вырождение биологических систем. В. И. Цымбалюк, В. В. Медведев / Спинной мозг. Элегия надежды. Винница: Нова Книга. 2010:541–635. | ||||
6. Rank M, Li X, Bennett D, Gorassin M. Role of endogenous release of norepinephrine in muscle spasms after chronic spinal cord injury. J. Neurophysiol. 2007; 97:3166–80. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.01168.2006 PMid:17360828 PMCid:PMC2117896 |
||||
7. Murray K, Nakae A, Stephens M, et al. Recovery of motoneuron and locomotor function after spinal cord injury depends on constitutive activity in 5–HT2C receptors. Nat Med. 2010; 16:694-700. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.2160 PMid:20512126 PMCid:PMC3107820 |
||||
8. Ren LQ, Wienecke J, Chen M, et al. The time course of serotonin 2c receptor expression after spinal transection of rats: an immunohistochemical study. Neurosci. 2013; 236:31–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.063 PMid:23337537 |
||||
9. Newton B, Hamill R. The morphology and distribution of rat serotoninergic intraspinal neurons: an immunohistochemical study. Brain Res Bull. 1988; 20:349–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/0361-9230(88)90064-0 |
||||
10. Heckman C, Enoka R. Motor Unit. Comprehensive Physiology. 2012; 2:2629–82. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c100087 |
||||
11. Haines D, Mihailoff G, Bloedel J. The Cerebellum. Fundamental neuroscience ed. D.E. Haines. New York: Churchill Livingstone. 2002:370–88. | ||||
12. Hyder A, Wunderlich C, Puvanachandra P, et al. The impact of traumatic brain injuries: a global perspective. NeuroRehabilitation. 2007; 22(5):341–53. PMid:18162698 |
||||
13. Крылов ВВ, Талыпов АЭ. Повреждения структур задней черепной ямки. Неврол журнал. 2002; 7(6):4–9. | ||||
14. Taniura S, Okamoto H. Traumatic cerebellar infarction. J Trauma. 2008; 64:1674. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ta.0000233741.95875.6c PMid:18277270 |
||||
15. Takeuchi S, Takasato Y, Masaoka H, Hayakawa T. Traumatic intra–cerebellar haematoma: study of 17 cases. Br J Neurosurg. 2011; 25(1):62–7. https://doi.org/10.3109/02688697.2010.500410 PMid:20649395 |
||||
16. Spanos G, Wilde E, Bigler E, et al. Cerebellar atrophy after moderate–to–severe pediatric traumatic brain injury. Am J Neuroradiol. 2007; 28(3):537–42. PMid:17353332 |
||||
17. Louis E, Lynch T, Ford B, et al. Delayed-onset cerebellar syndrome. Arch Neurol. 1996; 53(5):450–54. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.1996.00550050080027 PMid:8624221 |
||||
18. Sato M, Chang E, Igarashi T, Noble L. Neuronal injury and loss after traumatic brain injury: time course and regional variability. Brain Res. 2001; 917(1):45–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-8993(01)02905-5 |
||||
19. Gale S. D, Baxter L, Roundy N, Johnson S. Traumatic brain injury and grey matter concentration: a preliminary voxel based morphometry study. J Neurol. Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005; 76(7):984–88. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2004.036210 PMid:15965207 PMCid:PMC1739692 |
||||
20. Ide H, Terado Y, Tokiwa S, et al. Novel germ line mutation p53–P177R in adult adrenocortical carcinoma producing neuron–specific enolase as a possible marker. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2010; 40(8):815-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyq045 PMid:20421238 |
||||
21. Зильберштейн ХН. Механическая травма черепа и головного мозга. Многотомное руководство по патологической анатомии / отв. ред. А. И. Струков и др. – Т. 2: Патологическая анатомия нервной системы / ред. Б. С. Хоминский. – М. : Медгиз, 1962:336–42. | ||||
22. Andriessen T, Jacobs B, Vos P. Clinical characteristics and pathophysiological mechanisms of focal and diffuse traumatic brain injury. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 2010; 14(10):2381–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01164.x PMid:20738443 PMCid:PMC3823156 |
||||
23. Bramlett H, Dietrich W. Pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia and brain trauma: Similarities and differences. J Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 2004; 24:133–50. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.WCB.0000111614.19196.04 PMid:14747740 |
||||
24. Ai J, Liu E, Park E, Baker A. Structural and functional alterations of cerebellum following fluid percussion injury in rats. Exp. Brain Res. 2007; 177:95–112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-006-0654-9 PMid:16924485 |
||||
25. Seoa TB, Kima BK, Koa IG, et al. Effect of treadmill exercise on Purkinje cell loss and astrocytic reaction in the cerebellum after traumatic brain injury. Neurosci. Lett. 2010; 481:178–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2010.06.087 PMid:20603186 |
||||
26. Potts M, Adwanikar H, Noble–Haeusslein L. Models of traumatic cerebellar injury. The Cerebellum. 2009; 8:211–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-009-0114-8 PMid:19495901 PMCid:PMC2734258 |
||||
27. Igarashi T, Potts M, Noble–Haeusslein L. Injury severity determines Purkinje cell loss and microglial activation in the cerebellum after cortical contusion injury. Exp Neurol. 2007; 203(1):258–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.08.030 PMid:17045589 |
||||
28. Park E, McKnight S, Ai J, Baker A. Purkinje cell vulnerability to mild and severe forebrain head trauma. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 2006; 65(3):226–34. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jnen.0000202888.29705.93 PMid:16651884 |
||||
29. Ai J, Baker A. Presynaptic excitability as a potential target for the treatment of the traumatic cerebellum. Pharmacology. 2004; 71(4):192–8. https://doi.org/10.1159/000078085 PMid:15240995 |
||||
30. Marin-Teva J, Dusart I, Colin C, et al. Microglia promote the death of developing Purkinje cells. Neuron. 2004; 41:535–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(04)00069-8 |
||||
31. Viscomi M, Florenzano F, Latini L, Molinari M. Remote cell death in the cerebellar system. The Cerebellum. 2009; 8:184–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-009-0107-7 PMid:19387761 |
||||
32. Hains B, Black J, Waxman S. Primary cortical motor neurons undergo apoptosis after axotomizing spinal cord injury. J Comp Neurol. 2003; 462(3):328–41. https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.10733 PMid:12794736 |
||||
33. Rossi F, Glanola S, Corvetti L. The strange case of Purkinje axon regeneration and plasticity. The Cerebellum. 2006; 5:174–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/14734220600786444 PMid:16818392 |
||||
34. Buffo A, Holtmaat A, Savio T, et al. Targeted overexpression of the neurite growth–associated protein B–50/GAP–43 in cerebellar Purkinje cells induces sprouting after axotomy, but not axon regeneration into growth–permissive transplants. J Neurosci. 1997; 17:8778–91. PMid:9348347 |
||||
35. Chaiksuksunt V, Zhang Y, Anderson P, et al. Axonal regeneration from CNS neurons in the cerebellum and brainstem of adult rats: correlation with the patterns of expression and distribution of messenger RNAs for L1, CHL1, c–Jun and growth–associated protein–43. Neuroscience. 2000; 100:87–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(00)00254-2 |
||||
36. Gianola S, Rossi F. Long–term injured Purkinje cells are competent for terminal arbour growth, but remain unable to sustain stem axon regeneration. Exp. Neurol. – 2002. – 176:25–40. | ||||
37. Li J, Imitola J, Snyder E, Sidman R. Neural stem cells rescue nervous purkinje neurons by restoring molecular homeostasis of tissue plasminogen activator and downstream targets. J Neurosci. 2006; 26(30):7839–48. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1624-06.2006 PMid:16870729 |
||||
38. Pagano S, Impagnatiello F, Girelli M, et al. Isolation and characterization of neural stem cells from the adult human olfactory bulb. Stem. Cells. 2000; 18(4):295–300. https://doi.org/10.1634/stemcells.18-4-295 PMid:10924096 |
||||
39. Ромоданов АП, Копьев ОВ, Цымбалюк ВИ, и др. Влияние трансплантации эмбрионального неокортекса на выживаемость крыс после тяжелой черепно–мозговой травмы. Третий Тбилисский междунар. симпозиум “Функциональная нейрохирургия” (28–30 мая 1990 г.): тезисы докл. – Тбилиси, 1990. – С. 247. | ||||
40. Цимбалюк ВІ, Сутковий ДА, Троян ОІ. Вплив трансплантації фетальної нервової тканини на активність процесів перекисного окислення ліпідів та антиоксидантного захисту у віддалений період експериментальної тяжкої черепно–мозкової травми. Укр нейрохірург журнал. 2001; 1:109–14. | ||||
41. Цымбалюк ВИ, Щерба ИН, Гордиенко ОВ. Влияние трансплантации эмбриональной нервной ткани на динамику отека головного мозга при экспериментальной черепно–мозговой травме. Нейрофизиология. 1998; 30(3):206–11. | ||||
42. Пат. UA №49196, МПК А61В17/00. Спосіб моделювання у експерименті локальної дозованої черепно–мозкової травми гемісфер мозочку у щурів, що є методом моделювання експериментальної черепно–мозкової травми / Цимбалюк В.І, Сенчик Ю.Ю, Медведєв В.В. – Заявл. 02.10.2009; Опубл. 26.04.2010, Бюл. №8. | ||||
43. Goldstein L, Davis J. Beam–walking in rats: Studies towards developing an animal model of functional recovery after brain injury. J Neurosci Methods. 1990; 31:101–07. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-0270(90)90154-8 |
||||
44. Цимбалюк В. І, Лісяний М. І, Семенова В. М. та ін. Вплив різних видів нейротрансплантації на перебіг травми мозочка у щурів. Журнал НАМН України. 2013; 19(2):171-83. | ||||
45. Filip P, Lungu O, Bareš M. Dystonia and the cerebellum: A new field of interest in movement disorders?. Clin. Neurophysiol. 2013, Feb 17 [Epub. ahead of print]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2013.01.003 PMid:23422326 |
Tsymbalyuk VI, Medvediev VV, Senchyk YuYu. Effects of tissue neurotransplantation on sceletal muscle tone restoration after experimental mechanical injury of the cerebellum. Cell and Organ Transplantology. 2013; 1(1):81-86. doi: 10.22494/COT.V1I1.48
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.